The journal Nature Microbiology has published a Phase 2 study in which treatment with IL-1RA, the receptor antagonist anakinra, showed clinical effects comparable to the antibiotic nitrofurantoin in recurrent acute cystitis. This is stated in a press release from Hamlet Biopharma.The study included 30 patients with recurrent cystitis and an ongoing infection. Symptoms clearly decreased in both groups after five days and remained at low levels after 15 and 30 days as well as after six months. The number of relapses decreased during the six months after treatment compared with the period before the study, while quality of life increased.Hamlet BioPharma holds a patent on the use of anakinra for the treatment of recurrent acute cystitis.